Improvement in swivel-shuttle looms



2'Shee'ts--.Sheet I. .l. FISH.

swivel 'Sh-ut'tle Loom. N0. 169,248, 4 Patented Oct. 26, 1875.

N-PETERS. PHDTO-LITHOGRAPHEH, WASHINGTON, D, C

2 Sheets -Shee't 2.

]. FISH.

Swivel-Shuttle Loom.

"- FEIERS, PNOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASNINGTDN. D. C.

-1\TITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH FISH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT lN-SWIVEL-SHUTTLE LOOMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 169,248, dated October26, 1875; application filed July 13, 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH FISH, of the city, county, and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same, reference being had to the accompanyin gdrawings, which form part of this specification.

This invention relates mainly to that description of looms in which,ineddition to the fly shuttle or shuttles for weaving the body of theweb, swivel, or supplementary shuttles, are also employed to workfigures of different colors or patterns in the body of the web'while thelatter is being produced. It will be found specially applicable toweaving broad silk with figures of a different color or colors and ofvarious patterns, but it is not restricted to any particular width offabric or material composing the same.

The main object of this invention is to produce a power-loom for work ofthe character hereinbefore referred to, which shall be more efficient,and shall provide not merely, as has heretofore been done, for thecontrol by the jacquard-machine or pattern-controlling device of thefigures to be produced in the body of the web While the labor ofproducing said figures is thrown upon the loom to the relief of thejacquard-machine or pattern mechanism, but which shall provide in asimple and practicable manner for driving the supplementary shuttles andfor otherwise actuating them or such portions of their attachments asrequire to be operated by the loom itself without the intervention ofthe jacquard or pattern mechanism;

-The invention consists in various novel combinations for thus operatingsaid shuttles and their attachments, so that the weight or laborincidental thereto will be borne by one or more of the loom-shafts, andwhereby a most perfect automatic action with provisions for allnecessary adjustments of the figure-pro ducing devices is obtained.

One part of the invention, which consists in the mechanism forcontrolling the operation of the fly-shuttles, is also applicable to alldrop-box looms in which it brings the opera tion of such shuttles underthe control of the jacquard machine, and thereby dispenses with the useof a pattern-chain or other'separate pattern mechanism device forcontrolling the take-up roller of the loom. The harnessandjacquard-machine or device for controlling the pattern, as also variousother parts or devices which, separately considered, are not portions ofthis invention, are here omitted. D is the lay, having the usual raceforan ordinary fly or .body shuttle, and E E the swords thereof attachedto a rocking shaft, F, below. G is the main shaft from which the lay isoperated by crank or eccentric pins and rods 1). H H are thepicker-staffs for throwing the fly or body shuttle. I is a cam-shaft,which derives its motion by gears c d from the shaft G. This shaft notonly actuates the picker-staffs of the body-shuttle, but also thevarious devices connected with theoperation of the swivel orsupplementary shuttles. Here it may be observed that when the swivel orsupplementary shuttles are in gear, the loom works one pick of theswivel shuttle or shuttles and one pick of the fly or body shuttlealternately, as necessary in looms of the description here referred to,for the purpose of weaving the figure into or with the body of the web.

The swivel-shuttles J, of which there may be any number, according tothe number of figures to be worked in the fabric widthwise of the warp,may be of the usual or any suitable construction, working on pivotsattached to an upper slide or bar, K, of a verticallymoving frame, K; orstraight shuttles, operated by a suitable rack-and-pinion motion,

through or by the same movements as are used to actuate the circular orswivel shuttles, may be substituted for the latter.

of varied colors.

These supple-s. mentary shuttles may be supplied with threads to varythe position of the figures on the body of the web. The revolvingcam-shaft I has arranged onit a series of cams for producing the variousmotions connected with the swivel or supplementary shuttles J; subjectto the control of the jacquard-machine or other pattern-controllingdevice. Thus M is a cam by which the rack L is reciprocated to give thenecessary swivel motion to the. shuttles J. This cam operates on alever, N, which is fast to a vertical shaft, f, and which, according asit is thrown to the right or to the left by said cam, serves, by meansof a rod, g, and lever h, to longitudinally move or reciprocate the rackL, as required.

The lever N may be variously constructed, either to operate inconnection with a single or double cam; but such cam M is here shown asdoublethat is, with operating projections on its opposite sides orfaces; and the lever N as composed of three arn1sthat is, two upper armsand one lower arm, the latter one of which is connected, by the rod 9and lever h, with the rack, while the two upper arms of said lever orface bars 70 7c, pivoted thereto and carrying friction-rollers l 1,receive the motion from the cam. These upper arms may be hung on pivots,and be adjustable by means of a screw, z, to vary the distance apart ofthe rollers, which serve to give an easy and light action.

l The contact of the lever N with the cam M iscontrolled by thejacquard-machine, and is only established when the rack L is required tobe moved to the right or to the left to turn the swivel shuttles J, asrequired. Thus, when such motion is desired to be broken ordiscontinued, thejacquard-machine is caused to lift, by means of rods orwires or a, the face bars k 70, with their attached rollers Ll, to placethelatter free from contact with the rotating cam M, or either face-bark may be separately lifted for the same purpose. In this way thecam-shaft I of the loom does all the work by its cam M of driving theswivel or supplementary shuttles when the latter are required to beoperated, the jacquard-machine simply raising or lowering the lever N,or its face-bars k k, to control the period of operation of the shuttlesJ. This, however, is not' so important as that all the other operationsconnected with the supplementary shuttles, and more especially thoseheavier operations by which the frame K is lifted to put thesupplementary shuttles out of working level or position, and to adjustthe bar K longitudinally forproducing' a skip or mock motion, whenrequired,

are also effected by the loom, while the quard-machine has only thelight work to 1 form of throwing certain levers into or out of positionwith cams on the shaft 1. for vertically I. or longitudinally adjustingthe bar K, with its attached rack L and swivel-shuttles J, at thediiferent periods required for such movements.

The cams and levers used in producing these several additionaloperations may also be of varied construction, as, for instance, (or, atleast, as regards certain of them,) hereinbefore described withreference to the cam M and lever N for reciprocating therack L, and theywill only here be described as represented in the drawing. M is the camon the shaft I, by which up and down motion is given to the bar K, or,which is the same thing,to the frame K, carrying said bar or compoundslide, or, rather, by which the downward action is given to said bar orslide K, with its longitudinally-sliding portion K and frame K, asagainst springs mm, which givetheupward movement. The cam M also servesto retain the slide or barK in its lowest posit-ionnntil the shuttles Jhave made a complete turn, said shuttles, and the rack L which drivesthem, moving up and down in common with the bar or slide K. The rack Lmay lbe jointed at nin part to preventits up and down movement, togetherwith the bar K and frame K, being interfered with by its connection withits operating-lever h, and in part for a purpose which will behereinafter described in connection with .theskip or mock motion. N isthe lever, having its fulcrum at 0, and

on the forward arm of which the cam M opcrates to depress the slide orbar K, through its frame K. Said cam M or lever N operated by it, asagainst the springs on m, is

thrown in gear at the. proper time by means I of a bell-crank ,oi'lever, P, which is controlled through a rod or wire,.a/, and returnspring b, by the jacquard-machine, so as to throw a hinged stirrup, Q,as against a spring, a, into gear with the front end of the lever N, inorder that the cam M depressing the forward arm of said lever, will movedown the frame K. with its slide or bar K, rack L, and sup-f plementaryshuttles J, into working position of said shuttles with the warp, afterwhich, and during the weaving of the body of the web between the figuresor patterns Worked therein, the rod or wire a is dropped by thejacquard-machine, and the hinged stirrup Q, is released byits springfromcontact with the lever N whereby the springs m m throw upward theframe K, and its'slide or bar K, with attached rack and shuttles J, toput the latter out of workingline or level, and free from interferenceor alternate working,pick

required; The frame K is guided in its upand-down motion bypassingthrough eyes 011.

the lay-swords E E, the springs m mbeing arranged around suchup-and-down guiding portions of the frame.

It will thus be seen that the weight of the slide or bar K and itsattachments is taken oli' the jacquard-machine.

- The next operation that will be described is connected with thedevices used to enable the picking motionthat is, the motion given tothe fly or body shuttleto be instantaneously arrested at intervals, sothat said shuttle may not be crossing the loom at the time the circularor supplementary shuttles are working or makingtheir pick. Thus onthe'shaft I are two cams, M M having roller-projections l 1 which,whenever either of two levers, N N are lowered through rods or wires a aconnected with and controlled by the jacquard-machine, operate laterallyon said levers, successively or otherwise; as required,

and turning vertical shafts f f to which said levers are attached, causeswinging step or upperface-levers R ltto be moved outward by means ofcranks s s and rods ft from ofi' the treadles S S, which operatethepickerstafi's H B. This motion is against springs to u, which serve tokeep the levers N N up against the cams M M and the step-levers It It totheir places on the treadles S S, so that upon crank or eccentric pins'12, on the two ends of the shaft I, coming round, they will act uponthe step-levers R R to depress the treadles S S, as against springs 10w, and operate the picker-staffs H H to throw the fly-shuttle. But whenthe cams M M act upon the levers N N then the step-levers R R will bethrown outward from off the treadles S S, so that the crank or eccentricpins Q; will pass over the treadles S S without operating -them, therebyarresting the motion of the fly or body shuttle, as and for the purposehere-- inbefore specified.

This completes the several operations, except when a skip or mock motionis needed to vary the position of the swivel or supplementary shuttles Jwidthwise of the warp, and so change the position, each successive rowor otherwise, of the figures produced in the web. Said skip or mockmotion, when applied to the loom, is also controlled by thejacquard-machine or other patterncontrolling device, but is not operatedby it, but by the loom itself, so that the jacquard-machine is relievedof labor incidental to workingthe skip or mock motion. Thus on the shaftI of the loom is a cam, M. This cam operates on a lever, N, which isfast on a vertical shaft, f and which, accordingly as it is thrown tothe right or to the left by said cam, serves, by means of rods 9 g alever, h, and the longitudinally-sliding portion K", to longitudinallymove to the right or to the left the slide or bar K through its slots 0e, and the rack L and supplementary shuttles J along with said slide.

The lever N is represented as of similar construction to that shown forthe lever N- but this construction of the lever and cam, as.hereinbefore observed, may be changed. Although the lever N is thusoperated by'the cam M on the loom-shaft I to shift-to the right or tothe left, as required, the slide or bar K with its attachments, whichaction constitutes theskip or mock motion, the contact of the lever Nwith the cam M is controlled by the jacquard-machine, and is onlyestablished when required by the action of the lat- 'ter or, otherpattern-controlling device. Thus when the skip or mock motion is desiredto be broken or discontinued, the face-bars k k are lifted by the rodsor wires a a, so that the rollers l l are free of the cam M during therotation of the latter, or either face-bar k may be lifted for the samepurpose. The

lowering of either face-bar k by the jacquardmachine through the wiresor controls the period of action for the skip-motion, by-bring-- ing thelowered face-bar into working contact with the cam M Prior, however, tothe skip or mock motion being established, it is necessary that the rackL should be temporarily.

disconnected from its operating lever h, and said rack afterward engagewith said lever at apoint or distance corresponding with thelongitudinal shifting of the rack L and its attachments. For thispurpose the outward extension of the rack L pivoted at n, ashereinbefore described, is made with two or more notches, 8 at asuitable distance apart, and is held down bya spring, 12 so that eitherone or other of said notches, after the rack has been shiftedlongitudinally, is made to engage with the lever h.

To lift the jointed outward-extended portion of the rack L out ofengagement by its one notch s with the lever h, in order to provide forengagement of the rack after being shifted longitudinally with the leverh by the succeeding notch 8 there is arranged on the shaft I of the loomavcam, M having rollers Z Z on its opposite sides or faces, and arrangedto work against one or other of two pivoted arms, 70 70 connected withvertical.

shafts f f of a lever, N These pivoted arms are raised or loweredthrough wires a a by the jacquard-machine, to put them in or out ofworking contact with the cam M When in working contact with said camthey serve to actuate to the right or to the left, as required,according to which arm 10 is put in action, the lever N, that, by meansof a rod, m lever 17?, and a cranked lifter, 0 operated by said leveragainst the pressure of the spring b serves to lift the jointedextension of the rack L out of its one notched connection with the leverh till the cam M of the mock motion has longitudinally adjusted the rackL with its attachments, as required. Of

course these several operations are all suitably timed by thejacquard-machine, and by theconstruetion and arrangement of the cams onthe loom-shaftmI, to produce the necessary movements at their properrelative periods according to the pattern to be worked or work to bedone; but the Weight or labor consequent upon these different operationsis thrown, without the intervention of the jacquard-machine, upon theloom, only the rising and falling levers which are worked .by the samebeing controlled by the jacquard-machine orot-her patternmechanism.

'Ihe mechanism hereinabove described for controlling the operation ofthe fly-shuttles,

co'nsistin g of: the movable step-pieces R R, the

cams M M ,'an d the levers N N and their appurtenances, is applicable toall drop-box looms for efl'ectin g the control of the operationofthepickers on either side of the 100111, as 1 may be desired, by theaction of the jacquardmachine, so that any desired number of picks insuccessionmay be made from either side of the loom s WhatL claim; as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

- 1! The combination, with the rack L, for driving the supplementaryshuttles, of the cam M on the loonnshaft, and an interposed lever, N,connected with the rack, substantially as shown, and adapted to becontrolled by the jacquard-machine,or other pattern -controlling deviceor mechanism, essentially as described.

2. The stirrup Qand bell-crank P, adapted to be controlled by thejacquard-machine or other pattern devices, in combination with the leverN and cam M foroperating the bar or slide K, essentially as: described.

3. The combinatiomwith the movable step pieces or levers R R on theshuttle-operating treadles S S and crankpi'ns t v, of the cams M M andthe operating levers N N, adapted l to be controlled bythejacquard-machine. or other pattern device, essentially as described..4. The combination, with the slide orbar K, which carries thesupplementaryshuttles,

of the cam M on the loom-shaft, an interposed lever, N adapted to becontrolled by the pattern mechanism and a suitable connecting device,all operating to move the'slide longitudinally for the purpose ofproducing" the skip or mock motion, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, with the rack L, by which the swivel orsupplementary shuttles are driven, of the slide K, the lifter '0 the camM the interposed lever N adapted to be controlled by thetjacquardmachine or pattern mechanism, and suitable connecting devices,essentially as described, and whereby a the rack is disengaged when th'eskip ormock motion is being made, su bstantially as speci fled.

J OSEPH FISH.

Witnesses MICHAEL RYAN, FRED. HAYNES.

